宁海IATF16949认证汽车行业质量管理体系五*具 IATF16949体系认证

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and continual improvement, such as breakthrough change, innovation and re-organization.在日益复杂
的动态环境中持续满足要求，并针对未来需求和期望采取适当行动，这无疑是组织面临的一项挑战。为了
实现这一目标，组织可能会发现，除了纠正和持续改进，还有必要采取形式的改进，如破变性变革、
创新或重组。
In this International Standard, the following verbal forms are used: 本标准中使用如下助动词：
— shall indicates a requirement;“应”表示要求；
— should indicates a recommendation;“宜”表示建议；
Design for assembly (DFA)  装配设计(DFA)
Process by which products are designed with ease of assembly considerations. (e.g., if a product contains
fewer parts it will take less time to assemble, thereby reducing assembly costs)
出于便于装配的考虑设计产品的过程。（例如，若产品含有较少零件，产品的装配时间则较短，从而
减少装配成本。）

Aftermarket part 售后市场零件
Replacement part(s) not procured or released by an OEM for service part applications, which may or may
not be produced to original equipment specifications并非由OEM为服务件应用而采购或放行的替换零
件，可能按照或未按照原始设备规范进行生产

2 Normative references 规范性引用文件
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.下列文
件对于本文件的应用是必不可少的。凡是注日期的引用文件，仅注日期的版本适用于本文件。凡是不注日
期的引用文件，其新版本（包括所有的修）适用于本文件。
ISO 9000:2015, Quality management systems — Fundamentals and vocabulary ISO 9000：2015 质量管理体
系 基础和术语

Design for manufacturing（DFM）制造的设计(DFM)
integration of product design and process planning to design a product that is easily and economically
manuf
Design for six sigma (DFSS)  六西格玛设计(DFSS)
Systematic methodology, tools, and techniques with the aim of being a robust design of products or
processes that meets customer expectations and can be produced at a six sigma quality level系统化的方
法、工具和技术，旨在稳健设计满足顾客期望并且能够在六西格玛质量水平生产的产品或过程的。