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Structure of a GAMS Model
For the remainder of the tutorial, we will discuss the basic components of a GAMS model, with reference to the example
above. The basic components are listed in table Table 2.
Table 2: The basic components of a GAMS model
通用代数建模系统(GAMS)是数学编程和优化的建模系统。它由一个语言编译器和一个稳定的集成各种高性能的求解器组成。GAMS适用于复杂的、大规模的建模应用,并允许您创建大的维护模型以很快的适应新的情况。
立的模型和数据
你可以编写立的模型数据,包括各种不同来源的数据,从ASCII到Excel或者Access 以及其他各种来源。比如使用GDX(GAMS数据交换)文件格式。GDX文件可以保存一个或多个GAMS符号的值,比如集、参数变量和方程。GDX文件可以为GAMS模型准备数据、展示GAMS模型的结果、使用不同的参数为这同一个模型保存结果等。GDX文件不能保存一个模型的公式或者执行语句。GDX文件二进制文件,可在不同平台进行移植。
立的模型和平台
模型在平台间是完全可移植的---写一次,可以在任意地方运行。
GAMS可以在Windows, Linux, Mac OS X, SOLARIS, Sparc Solaris和 IBM Power AIX上运行。
立的模型和用户界面
面向对象的GAMA API允许GAMS无缝整合到为交互提供适当类别的应用中。这三个面向对象GAMS API是.NET, Java和Python与.NET framework 4 (Visual Studio 2010)、Java SE 5或更高版本以及Python 3.4, 2.7和2.6。
除了面向对象的GAMA API,还有级别(或级别) 的GAMS API,它们的使用要求有高深知识的GAMS组件库。
除了API, GAMS还提供智能链接到应用程序,如MS Excel, MatLab或R。用户可以在这个环境中继续工作,通过一个API就可以访问GAMS所有的优化功能。这就允许应用中的模型数据和结果可以可视化和分析了。
大型、**用户社区
**过120多个国家的不同领域的跨国公司、学校、研究机构和使用GAMS,包括能源化工、经济建模、农业规划或制造业。
Model Library
When architects begin to design a new building, they develop the new structure by using ideas and techniques that have been
tested in previous structures. The same is true in other fields: design elements from previous projects serve as sources of
ideas for new developments.
From the early stages of the development of GAMS we have collected models to be used in a library of examples. Many of
these are standard textbook examples and can be used in classes on problem formulation or to illustrate points about GAMS.
Others are models that have been used in policy or sector analysis and are interesting for both the methods and the data they
use. All the substantive models in the library are described in the open literature. A collection of models is now included
with all GAMS systems, along with a database to help users locate examples that cover countries, sectors, or topics of interest
to them.
The syntax used to introduce features in the various chapters are presented using the Backus-Naur form (BNF) notation
where:
Introduction
1 Motivation
Substantial progress was made in the 1950s and 1960s with the development of algorithms and computer codes to solve
large mathematical programming problems. The number of applications of these tools in the 1970s was less then expected,
however, because the solution procedures formed only a small part of the overall modeling effort. A large part of the time
required to develop a model involved data preparation and transformation and report preparation. Each model required many
hours of analyst and programming time to organize the data and write the programs that would transform the data into the
form required by the mathematical programming optimizers. Furthermore, it was difficult to detect and eliminate errors
because the programs that performed the data operations were only accessible to the specialist who wrote them and not to the
analysts in charge of the project.
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